You’ve probably seen halogen lights like the ones pictured here. You may even have halogen lights in your home. If you do, you may have noticed that they get really hot and give off a lot of light for their size. A halogen light differs from a regular incandescent light bulb in having a small amount of halogen gas inside the bulb. The gas combines chemically with the metal in the filament, and this extends the life of the filament. It allows the lamp to get hotter and give off more light than a regular incandescent light without burning out quickly.
Californium is a silvery-white colored radioactive metal that has the atomic number 98 in the periodic table. Einsteinium is a silvery-white colored radioactive metal that has the atomic number 99 in the periodic table. Fermium is a silvery-white colored radioactive metal that has the atomic number 100 in the periodic table. Lawrencium is a silvery-white colored radioactive metal that has the atomic number 103 in the periodic table. The halogens are a group of elements found in group 17 of the periodic table. Their name means salt-producer, and they are the most reactive non-metal elements.
Elements of other groups are much more likely to accept electrons as they react. Valence electrons are the electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom. This reactivity is due chrysm institute of esthetics to the high electronegativity and high effective nuclear charge. Halogens are highly reactive, and they can be harmful or even fatal to biological organisms in sufficient quantities.
Despite the fact that fluorine and chlorine are poisonous, small amounts are essential to human health and life. Small amounts of fluoride are used in water and toothpaste to help prevent tooth decay. Simple compounds that contain halogens are called halides. Fluorine is considered one of the most reactive elements in existence. Germanium is a brittle, shiny, silvery-white metalloid.
Alkaline earth metals is the second most reactive group of elements in the periodic table. They are found in group 2 of the periodic table . The electrons that determine valence – how an atom reacts chemically – are those with the highest energy. What do all of the objects pictured above have in common?
Alkali metals are found in group 1 of the periodic table. The easiest way for them to complete an octet is to lose an electron. Halogens, on the other hand, have seven valence electrons and gain an electron to complete octet. This means that halogens have more attraction for electrons than the alkali metals. The presence of valence electrons can determine the element’s chemical properties, such as its valence—whether it may bond with other elements and, if so, how readily and with how many. In this way, a given element’s reactivity is highly dependent upon its electronic configuration.